image color balancing

Feature Description

Image color balancing is an image preprocessing technique designed to eliminate tonal inconsistencies caused by differences in shooting seasons, sensor variations, or weather conditions by adjusting the color, brightness, and contrast of multiple images participating in a mosaic, thereby achieving a color-uniform and visually coordinated DOM tessellation result.

Image color balancing maps and matches the statistical features (such as mean and variance) of the images to be processed to a reference standard through mathematical transformation, achieving consistent adjustment of color features between images. Its main methods include:

  • Template color balancing: Adjusts the color distribution of the images to be processed to be similar to the template based on a specified reference image with good color performance.
  • Adaptive Color Uniformity: No template is required. The algorithm automatically analyzes the global and local color statistics of all mosaic images, obtains an optimized color balance target through adaptive calculation, and processes each image to achieve overall tonal balance.

Image color balancing is generally applied in the following scenarios:

  • DOM production and mosaicking: Color balancing is an essential step before seamless mosaicking of multiple orthophotos, effectively improving the professionalism and visual effect of the result map.
  • Multi-temporal image comparison analysis: When comparing images of the same area taken at different times, color balancing can reduce color interference caused by illumination and seasonal changes, making ground object changes easier to identify.

When using image color balancing, the following issues should be noted:

  • Supported data formats: *.tiff, *.tif, *.img, *.pix.
  • Input image recommendation: 8-bit depth, 3-band (red, green, blue) true color image for optimal processing results.
  • Please create an image production workflow first before using this function.
Figure: Original image Figure: Color balancing template Figure: Color balance result

Parameter description

Parameter Name Parameter Interpretation Parameter Type
Data Type

This parameter is available only when the function is launched from the Satellite Image processing tab -> DOM Data Production group -> Image Color Balancing.

Select the source of input image data. Provides the following options:

  • Image Files (default): Perform color balancing based on image files in the local directory.
  • Mosaic Dataset: Perform color balancing based on a mosaic dataset in the current workspace.
 
Image Files

This parameter is available only when the function is launched from the Satellite Image processing tab -> DOM Data Production group -> Image Color Balancing and Data Type is set to Image Files .

Set the local path storing image files. After selection, all images in the specified path and its sub-paths that meet the format requirements will be color balanced.

File
Image Data Source

This parameter is available only when the function is launched from the Satellite Image processing tab -> DOM Data Production group -> Image Color Balancing and Data Type is set to Mosaic Dataset.

Specify the data source where the image dataset resides.

Datasource
Image Data

 This parameter is available only when Data Type is set to Mosaic Dataset. In production workflow, only the dataset is displayed and cannot be edited.

Specify the mosaic dataset used for color balancing.

DatasetMosaic
Color Balancing Mode

Select the color balancing processing mode. Provides the following options:

  • Template color balancing: Adjust the color features of the images to be processed based on a template file.
  • Adaptive Color Uniformity (default): An adaptive global and local color consistency processing method that does not require specifying a color balancing template.
DesktopColorBalanceType
Color Balancing Template

This parameter is available only when Color Balancing Mode is set to Template color balancing.

Specify a local image file as the color reference template. The system will adjust the images to be processed based on this template, making their colors consistent or highly similar to the template.

When the image to be processed is single-band, only 8-bit unsigned template data is supported for input.

File
Color Balancing Method

This parameter is available only when Color Balancing Mode is set to Template color balancing.

Select the specific algorithm for template color balancing. Provides the following options:

  • Color Balance (default): A local image transformation method. It maps the grayscale mean and variance of a local image region to given values, balancing the contrast across different positions of the image, thereby enhancing details in areas with weak grayscale.
  • Color Mapping Uniform Color: Maps the color of a lower resolution color balancing template onto the image to be processed. This method ensures good color balancing while improving processing efficiency.
ColorBalanceMethod
Block Size

Set the block size for color balancing processing. The smaller the block, the finer the color balancing, but the longer the processing time. Provides the following options:

  • 64*64: Divide the color balancing area into 64x64 sub-regions.
  • 128*128: Divide the color balancing area into 128x128 sub-regions.
  • 512*512: Divide the color balancing area into 512x512 sub-regions.
  • 1024*1024 (default): Divide the color balancing area into 1024x1024 sub-regions.
  • 2048*2048: Divide the color balancing area into 2048x2048 sub-regions.
  • 4096*4096: Divide the color balancing area into 4096x4096 sub-regions.
  • 8192*8192: Divide the color balancing area into 8192x8192 sub-regions.
BlockSizeOption
Red Band Index Specify the index number representing the red channel in the image. Default value is 0. Integer
Green Band Index Specify the index number representing the green channel in the image. Default value is 1. Integer
Blue Band Index Specify the index number representing the blue channel in the image. Default value is 2. Integer
Brightness

Adjust the brightness of the result image. The value range is [-100, 100], with a default of 0.0.

The larger the value, the higher the brightness of the result image.

Double
Contrast

Adjust the contrast of the result image. The value range is [-100, 100], with a default of 0.0.

The larger the value, the stronger the contrast of the result image.

Double
 
Saturation

Adjust the saturation of the result image. The value range is [-100, 100], with a default of 0.0.

The larger the value, the stronger the saturation of the result image.

Double
Mask Data Not checked by default. If checked, a polygon vector dataset can be set as a mask. The system will exclude pixels within this area during color balancing calculation and output. Boolean
Data Source

This parameter is available only when Mask Data is checked.  Not provided when executing a production workflow.

Specify the data source where the mask dataset resides.

DataSource
Dataset

This parameter is available only when Mask Data is checked. When executing a production workflow, it uses the mask data from True Color Output by default.

Specify the vector surface dataset used as the mask. The dataset must contain an ImageName field, and the name must correspond to the name of the image currently being processed.

DatasetVector
Color Balancing Preview Not checked by default. When checked, before executing the workflow or running the tool independently, it will pause and generate a color balancing preview image based on the set preview resolution for preview in a dedicated window. Boolean
Color Balancing Resolution

Set the resolution used for the color balancing preview.

Lower resolution (larger downsampling factor) preview is smoother but blurrier; higher resolution (smaller downsampling factor) preview refreshes slower but is clearer. This setting only affects the preview and does not affect the quality of the final output result.

The available options are as follows:

  • Downsample 4 times (default): Preview resolution is 1/4 of the original image.
  • Downsample 8 times: Preview resolution is 1/8 of the original image.
  • Downsample 16 times: Preview resolution is 1/16 of the original image.
  • Downsample 32 times: Preview resolution is 1/32 of the original image.
  • Downsample 64 times: Preview resolution is 1/64 of the original image.
  • Downsample 128 times: Preview resolution is 1/128 of the original image.
  • Downsample 256 times: Preview resolution is 1/256 of the original image.
  • Downsample 512 times: Preview resolution is 1/512 of the original image.
OrthoRatioDecreaseMethod
Export Directory

Set the storage path for the result image after color balancing.

If executing a production workflow, use the Processing path parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and it cannot be edited.

File
Resampling Method

Specify the resampling method used during the image processing.

Three options are provided: Nearest, Bilinear, Cubic, with a default of Bilinear. For more method descriptions, refer to Resampling Method.

ResampleMethod
Result Minimum Value Set the minimum pixel value in the result image. Default value is 1. Integer
Result Maximum Value Set the maximum pixel value in the result image. Default value is 255. Integer
NoData Value Set the pixel value for NoData areas in the result image. Default value is 0.0. Double
Resolution Type

Specify the method for setting the output image resolution. Provides the following options:

  • Original resolution (default): Retain the original resolution of the input image.
  • Fixed Value: Use a fixed input value as the output image resolution.
  • Custom: Specify the output resolution according to different satellite sensor types. After selecting this option, a dialog box will appear for detailed settings. In the dialog box, you can click the Add button in the toolbar to add a row; then click the cell in the Satellite Sensor Type column to select the sensor type; finally, enter the corresponding resolution in the Resolution column cell.
    Notes:
    • If the corresponding satellite sensor type is not found, select the USEDEFINE option. The system will use the resolution set for this option to output data for all satellite sensor types not listed.
    • If multiple satellite sensor type image data (e.g., ZY3, GF-2, LandSat) are processed together, but only the resolution of one satellite sensor type (e.g., only ZY3) is set, other satellite sensor type images (e.g., GF-2 and LandSat) will be output at their original resolution.
OrthoRatioType
Output Format

Set the storage format of the result image. Provides the following options:

  • Not set: Output using the original image format.
  • Tiff/GeoTIFF (default): Output the result image in Tiff/GeoTIFF format.
  • Erdas Image: Output the result image in Erdas Image format.
  • PCIDSK: Output the result image in PCIDSK format.

If executing a production workflow, use the Output format parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and it cannot be edited.

FileType
Compression Method

When Output Format is Tiff/GeoTIFF, set the compression method for the output image.

Four options are provided: NONE, DEFLATE, LZW, JPEG, with a default of NONE. For more method descriptions, refer to Compression method.

If executing a production workflow, use the Compression method parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and it cannot be edited.

CompressMethod
Output as Original Image Coordinate

If checked, the result data will use the same image coordinate system as the input data. If not checked, use the Output coordinate system parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and it cannot be edited.

Boolean
Add Results to Map Window

This parameter is available only when the function is launched from the Imagery tab -> DOM Data Production group -> Image Color Balancing.

Checked by default. After successful execution, the result data is automatically added to the current map window for display.

Boolean
Create Image Pyramid

Checked by default. Image pyramids will be built for the output image data, thereby improving the zoom browsing speed and display performance of large volume images.

If executing a production workflow, use the Create Image Pyramid parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and this parameter will not be displayed.

Boolean
Resampling Method

This parameter is available only when Create Image Pyramid is checked.

Specify the resampling method used when creating image pyramids. Provides NONE, Average, Nearest Neighbor, Gaussian Kernel, with a default of Average. For more method descriptions, refer to Resampling Method.

If executing a production workflow, use the Resampling Method parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and this parameter will not be displayed.

ResamplingMethod
Asynchronously Create Statistics

Image statistics are used to optimize the stretch effect during display. If the image has no statistics, the image will be displayed using the default stretch method, and 8-bit data will not be stretched.

  • Checked (default): Create statistics for the image in the background without affecting the workflow execution.
  • Unchecked: Create statistics during the execution of this tool, which may consume time.

If executing a production workflow, use the Asynchronously create statistics parameter in Set Image Path or Add orthophoto, and this parameter will not be displayed.

Boolean

Output Result

  • Output the color balanced image data to a local folder.
  • Automatically create an image color balancing mosaic dataset in the OrthoData data source based on the output image data.

Related Topics

True Color Output

Image Fusion

Image mosaic